The first type of clarity enhancement is the Laser Drilling. The high-power laser beam can burn the tiny channel from dark and noticeable internal inclusion inside the diamond toward the surface. Open access to inclusion let the strong acids to reach inclusions through the burned channel inside the stone while procedure, called the “deep boiling”. As the result, bleached dark inclusion disappears or changes its color to white, that makes it less noticeable. In length of time, the fat, dirt and mineral salts in liquid condition might penetrate the drilled channel, making it more noticeable and requiring additional boiling to clean it.

KM or Internal Laser Drilling. KM means “special drilling” in Hebrew, “kiduah miuhad”. If you want to ask: why is it necessary to invent another kind of laser drilling? Is regular laser drilling not enough to eliminate inclusion? The answer is simple. Laser Drilling makes good work, but it’s easily detectable, because of the drilled channel. Even regular jeweler is able to detect laser drilling, by the look from the side. Instead of it, KM works in a different way and sometimes it’s very difficult to detect this kind of treatment. Let’s see how it works. The unfocused laser beam heats the dark inclusion inside the diamond. The process of Inclusion's heating inside the diamond creates internal pressure. This process is similar to the process inside another kitchen appliance – the pressure cooker, with a small but a very important difference. There is no steam vent to release the pressure from inside the stone. So, the pressure finds itself the way out, breaking and splitting the diamond and as a result of creating the artificial fracture. Next step after the treating is deep boiling of the stone in strong acids, to dissolve the inclusion and the residues of burned carbon inside the fracture. In some cases, after the treatment, only professional gemologist is able to detect this kind of clarity enhancement. If the artificial fracture is not too wide, the dirt from outside will not penetrate the stone. Generally, the treatment is not bad, but it is mostly applied to very low clarity diamonds. So even after the treatment, the diamond remains non-attractive.

The third and the most popular method of clarity enhancement is Fracture Filling. The fracture inside the diamond stops the ray of light, traveling through the stone, like a barrier. The crack became lighted and as the result it is visually noticeable. How to make it “disappear” or less visible at least? One of the diamantaires discovered that fractures can be easily filled with glass. We also call it silicone or silicate also, but they are just different names for the same material. Filling with high refractive index glass makes fracture appear much less visible. Diamonds look much cleaner. This procedure can turn the unsellable I2 clarity diamond to desirable SI1. Under the normal condition, fracture filling is stable for some period of time. But it is easily damaged under the heat, pressure or acids environment of kitchen chemical cleaners, degreasers, removers, and descalers. The regular procedure of cleaning the jewelry set with fracture filled diamond, using regular jeweler’s devices and methods are not recommended. Ultrasonic, steamer or cleaning liquids will damage the filling. Over the time, due to extended exposure to the ultraviolets rays of the sun, the transparency of the filer inside the fractures deteriorates, it may dry out and appear milky or dirty. In this case, the filler should be removed and refilled with a new one.